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We show a collection of scripts, called $G$-strongly positive scripts, which is used to recognize critical configurations of a chip firing game (CFG) on a multi-digraph with a global sink. To decrease the time of the process of recognition caused by the stabilization we present an algorithm to find the minimum G-strongly positive script. From that we prove the non-stability of configurations obtained from a critical configuration by firing inversely any non-empty multi-subset of vertices. This result is a generalization of a very recent one by Aval emph{et.al} which is applied for CFG on undirected graphs. Last, we give a combinatorial proof for the duality between critical and super-stable configurations.
In this paper, we study the dynamics of sand grains falling in sand piles. Usually sand piles are characterized by a decreasing integer partition and grain moves are described in terms of transitions between such partitions. We study here four main t
We propose a generalization of the graphical chip-firing model allowing for the redistribution dynamics to be governed by any invertible integer matrix while maintaining the long term critical, superstable, and energy minimizing behavior of the classical model.
We study a particular chip-firing process on an infinite path graph. At any time when there are at least $a+b$ chips at a vertex, $a$ chips fire to the left and $b$ chips fire to the right. We describe the final state of this process when we start with $n$ chips at the origin.
We consider chip-firing dynamics defined by arbitrary M-matrices. M-matrices generalize graph Laplacians and were shown by Gabrielov to yield avalanche finite systems. Building on the work of Baker and Shokrieh, we extend the concept of energy minimi
Motivated by the notion of chip-firing on the dual graph of a planar graph, we consider `integral flow chip-firing on an arbitrary graph $G$. The chip-firing rule is governed by ${mathcal L}^*(G)$, the dual Laplacian of $G$ determined by choosing a b