The strong decays of charm-strange baryons up to N=2 shell are studied in a chiral quark model. The theoretical predictions for the well determined charm-strange baryons, $Xi_c^*(2645)$, $Xi_c(2790)$ and $Xi_c(2815)$, are in good agreement with the experimental data. This model is also extended to analyze the strong decays of the other newly observed charm-strange baryons $Xi_c(2930)$, $Xi_c(2980)$, $Xi_c(3055)$, $Xi_c(3080)$ and $Xi_c(3123)$. Our predictions are given as follows. (i) $Xi_c(2930)$ might be the first $P$-wave excitation of $Xi_c$ with $J^P=1/2^-$, favors the $|Xi_c ^2P_lambda 1/2^->$ or $|Xi_c ^4P_lambda 1/2^->$ state. (ii) $Xi_c(2980)$ might correspond to two overlapping $P$-wave states $|Xi_c ^2P_rho 1/2^->$ and $|Xi_c ^2P_rho 3/2^->$, respectively. The $Xi_c(2980)$ observed in the $Lambda_c^+bar{K}pi$ final state is most likely to be the $|Xi_c ^2P_rho 1/2^->$ state, while the narrower resonance with a mass $msimeq 2.97$ GeV observed in the $Xi_c^*(2645)pi$ channel favors to be assigned to the $|Xi_c ^2P_rho 3/2^->$ state. (iii) $Xi_c(3080)$ favors to be classified as the $|Xi_c S_{rhorho} 1/2^+>$ state, i.e., the first radial excitation (2S) of $Xi_c$. (iv) $Xi_c(3055)$ is most likely to be the first $D$-wave excitation of $Xi_c$ with $J^P=3/2^+$, favors the $|Xi_c ^2D_{lambdalambda} 3/2^+>$ state. (v) $Xi_c(3123)$ might be assigned to the $|Xi_c ^4D_{lambdalambda} 3/2^+>$, $|Xi_c ^4D_{lambdalambda} 5/2^+>$, or $|Xi_c ^2D_{rhorho} 5/2^+>$ state. As a by-product, we calculate the strong decays of the bottom baryons $Sigma_b^{pm}$, $Sigma_b^{*pm}$ and $Xi_b^*$, which are in good agreement with the recent observations as well.