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We report on magneto-transport measurements of a two-dimensional electron gas confined in a Cd$_{0.997}$Mn$_{0.003}$Te quantum well structure under conditions of vanishing Zeeman energy. The electron Zeeman energy has been tuned via the $s-d$ exchange interaction in order to probe different quantum Hall states associated with metallic and insulating phases. We have observed that reducing Zeeman energy to zero does not necessary imply the disappearing of quantum Hall states, i.e. a closing of the spin gap. The spin gap value under vanishing Zeeman energy conditions is shown to be dependent on the filling factor. Numerical simulations support a qualitative description of the experimental data presented in terms of a crossing or an avoided-crossing of spin split Landau levels with same orbital quantum number $N$.
We operate an on-demand source of single electrons in high perpendicular magnetic fields up to 30T, corresponding to a filling factor below 1/3. The device extracts and emits single charges at a tunable energy from and to a two-dimensional electron g
In a recent paper [B. A. Piot et al., Phys. Rev. B 72, 245325 (2005)], we have shown that the lifting of the electron spin degeneracy in the integer quantum Hall effect at high filling factors should be interpreted as a magnetic-field-induced Stoner
We report on the fate of the quantum Hall effect in graphene under strong laser illumination. By using Floquet theory combined with both a low energy description and full tight-binding models, we clarify the selection rules, the quasienergy band stru
The electrical Hall effect is the production of a transverse voltage under an out-of-plane magnetic field. Historically, studies of the Hall effect have led to major breakthroughs including the discoveries of Berry curvature and the topological Chern
Zeeman splitting of quantum-confined states of excitons in InGaAs quantum wells (QWs) is experimentally found to depend strongly on quantization energy. Moreover, it changes sign when the quantization energy increases with a decrease in the QW width.