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It has been suggested that either diamagnetism or paramagnetism of Bose gases, due to the charge or spin degrees of freedom respectively, appears solely to be extraordinarily strong. We investigate magnetic properties of charged spin-1 Bose gases in external magnetic field, focusing on the competition between the diamagnetism and paramagnetism, using the Lande-factor $g$ of particles to evaluate the strength of paramagnetic effect. We propose that a gas with $g<{1/sqrt{8}}$ exhibits diamagnetism at all temperatures, while a gas with $g>{1/2}$ always exhibits paramagnetism. Moreover, a gas with the Lande-factor in between shows a shift from paramagnetism to diamagnetism as the temperature decreases. The paramagnetic and diamagnetic contributions to the total magnetization density are also calculated in order to demonstrate some details of the competition.
The charged Fermi gas with a small Lande-factor $g$ is expected to be diamagnetic, while that with a larger $g$ could be paramagnetic. We calculate the critical value of the $g$-factor which separates the dia- and para-magnetic regions. In the weak-f
Within the mean-field theory, we investigate the magnetic properties of a charged spin-1 Bose gas in two dimension. In this system the diamagnetism competes with paramagnetism, where Lande-factor $g$ is introduced to describe the strength of the para
Magnetic properties of a charged spin-1 Bose gas with ferromagnetic interactions is investigated within mean-field theory. It is shown that a competition between paramagnetism, diamagnetism and ferromagnetism exists in this system. It is shown that d
The theory of generalized hydrodynamics (GHD) was recently developed as a new tool for the study of inhomogeneous time evolution in many-body interacting systems with infinitely many conserved charges. In this letter, we show that it supersedes the w
Cold atom developments suggest the prospect of measuring scaling properties and long-range fluctuations of continuous phase transitions at zero-temperature. We discuss the conditions for characterizing the phase separation of Bose-Einstein condensate