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تسجيل مستخدم جديدPredictions for the Rates of Compact Binary Coalescences Observable by Ground-based Gravitational-wave Detectors
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We present an up-to-date, comprehensive summary of the rates for all types of compact binary coalescence sources detectable by the Initial and Advance
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Gravitational-wave detections are enabling measurements of the rate of coalescences of binaries composed of two compact objects - neutron stars and/or black holes. The coalescence rate of binaries containing neutron stars is further constrained by el
ectromagnetic observations, including Galactic radio binary pulsars and short gamma-ray bursts. Meanwhile, increasingly sophisticated models of compact objects merging through a variety of evolutionary channels produce a range of theoretically predicted rates. Rapid improvements in instrument sensitivity, along with plans for new and improved surveys, make this an opportune time to summarise the existing observational and theoretical knowledge of compact-binary coalescence rates.
There exist six possible polarization modes of gravitational waves in general metric theory of gravity, while two tensor polarization modes are allowed in general relativity. The properties and number of polarization modes depend on gravity theories.
The number of the detectors needs to be equal to the number of the polarization modes of the gravitational waves for separation of polarizations basically. However, a single detector having great sensitivity at lower frequency could be effectively regarded as a virtual detector network including a set of detectors along its trajectory due to a long GW signal from a compact binary and the Earths rotation. Thus, time-varying antenna pattern functions can help testing the polarizations of gravitational waves. We study the effects of the Earths rotation on the polarization test and show a possibility to test the non-tensorial polarization modes from future observations of compact binary mergers with ground-based gravitational detectors such as Einstein telescope and Cosmic Explorer.
Searches for gravitational-wave transients from binary black hole coalescences typically rely on one of two approaches: matched filtering with templates and morphology-independent excess power searches. Multiple algorithmic implementations in the ana
lysis of data from the first generation of ground-based gravitational wave interferometers have used different strategies for the suppression of non-Gaussian noise transients, and targeted different regions of the binary black hole parameter space. In this paper we compare the sensitivity of three such algorithms: matched filtering with full coalescence templates, matched filtering with ringdown templates and a morphology-independent excess power search. The comparison is performed at a fixed false alarm rate and relies on Monte-carlo simulations of binary black hole coalescences for spinning, non-precessing systems with total mass 25-350 solar mass, which covers the parameter space of stellar mass and intermediate mass black hole binaries. We find that in the mass range of 25 -100 solar mass the sensitive distance of the search, marginalized over source parameters, is best with matched filtering to full waveform templates, to within 10 percent at a false alarm rate of 3 events per year. In the mass range of 100-350 solar mass, the same comparison favors the morphology-independent excess power search to within 20 percent. The dependence on mass and spin is also explored.
We use the Fisher information matrix to investigate the angular resolution and luminosity distance uncertainty for coalescing binary neutron stars (BNSs) and neutron star-black hole binaries (NSBHs) detected by the third-generation (3G) gravitational
-wave (GW) detectors. Our study focuses on an individual 3G detector and a network of up to four 3G detectors at different locations including the US, Europe, China and Australia for the proposed Einstein Telescope (ET) and Cosmic Explorer (CE) detectors. We in particular examine the effect of the Earths rotation, as GW signals from BNS and low mass NSBH systems could be hours long for 3G detectors. We find that, a time-dependent antenna beam-pattern function can help better localize BNS and NSBH sources, especially those edge-on ones. The medium angular resolution for one ET-D detector is around 150 deg$^2$ for BNSs at a redshift of $z=0.1$. The medium angular resolution for a network of two CE detectors in the US and Europe respectively is around 20 deg$^2$ at $z=0.2$ for the simulated BNS and NSBH samples. While for a network of two ET-D detectors, the similar angular resolution can be achieved at a much higher redshift of $z=0.5$. The angular resolution of a network of three detectors is mainly determined by the baselines between detectors regardless of the CE or ET detector type. We discuss the implications of our results to constrain the Hubble constant $H_0$, the deceleration parameter $q_0$ and the equation-of-state (EoS) of dark energy. We find that in general, if 10 BNSs or NSBHs at $z=0.1$ with known redshifts are detected, $H_0$ can be measured with an accuracy of $0.9%$. If 1000 face-on BNSs at $z<2$ are detected with known redshifts, we are able to achieve $Delta q_0=0.002$, or $Delta w_0=0.03$ and $Delta w_a=0.2$ for dark energy.(Abridged version).
We present the results from three gravitational-wave searches for coalescing compact binaries with component masses above 1$mathrm{M}_odot$ during the first and second observing runs of the Advanced gravitational-wave detector network. During the fir
st observing run (O1), from September $12^mathrm{th}$, 2015 to January $19^mathrm{th}$, 2016, gravitational waves from three binary black hole mergers were detected. The second observing run (O2), which ran from November $30^mathrm{th}$, 2016 to August $25^mathrm{th}$, 2017, saw the first detection of gravitational waves from a binary neutron star inspiral, in addition to the observation of gravitational waves from a total of seven binary black hole mergers, four of which we report here for the first time: GW170729, GW170809, GW170818 and GW170823. For all significant gravitational-wave events, we provide estimates of the source properties. The detected binary black holes have total masses between $18.6_{-0.7}^{+3.2}mathrm{M}_odot$, and $84.4_{-11.1}^{+15.8} mathrm{M}_odot$, and range in distance between $320_{-110}^{+120}$ Mpc and $2840_{-1360}^{+1400}$ Mpc. No neutron star - black hole mergers were detected. In addition to highly significant gravitational-wave events, we also provide a list of marginal event candidates with an estimated false alarm rate less than 1 per 30 days. From these results over the first two observing runs, which include approximately one gravitational-wave detection per 15 days of data searched, we infer merger rates at the 90% confidence intervals of $110, -, 3840$ $mathrm{Gpc}^{-3},mathrm{y}^{-1}$ for binary neutron stars and $9.7, -, 101$ $mathrm{Gpc}^{-3},mathrm{y}^{-1}$ for binary black holes assuming fixed population distributions, and determine a neutron star - black hole merger rate 90% upper limit of $610$ $mathrm{Gpc}^{-3},mathrm{y}^{-1}$.
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