اشترك بالحزمة الذهبية واحصل على وصول غير محدود شمرا أكاديميا
تسجيل مستخدم جديدDiscovery of Quantum Hidden Variable
292
0
0.0
(
0
)
تأليف
Huai-yang Cui
اسأل ChatGPT حول البحث
ﻻ يوجد ملخص باللغة العربية
The first clue, in the theory of relativity, the 4-vector force acting on a particle is orthogonal to the 4-vector velocity of the particle, this orthogonality means that there is some difference between the orthogonality and the usual statement: the Coulombs force (or gravitational force) acts along the line joining a couple of particles (in usual 3D space), so the direction of 4-vector Coulombs force is carefully investigated, it is found that Maxwells equations can be derived from classical Coulombs force and the orthogonality. The second clue, a 4-vector force has 4 components, because of the orthogonality of 4-vector force and 4-vector velocity, the number of independent components of the 4-vector force reduces to 3, however we prove that 4-vector Coulombs force can merely provide 2 independent components, this situation means that there is an undefined component accompanying the 4-vector Coulombs force, hinting that this missing undefined component is a hidden variable. The third clue, the best way to study the hidden variable is to establish a new concept: Z-space, in which the undefined component of 4-vector Coulombs force can be clearly defined as the hidden variable for the quantum mechanics. At the last, the undefined component is regarded as a fluctuating source that contributes to Lorentz force, so that the quantum wave equation can be derived out in the ensemble space of particle motion from the relativistic Newtons second law.
قيم البحث
اقرأ أيضاً
The goal of this paper is to re-express QFT in terms of two classical fields living in ordinary space with single extra dimension. The role of the first classical field is to set up an injection from the set of values of extra dimension into the set
of functions, and then said injection will be used in order to convert the second field into a coarse grained functional, thereby approximating QFT state. It turns out that this work also has a side-benefit of modeling ensemble of states in terms of one single state which, in turn, is interpretted in the above way. It is important to clarify that by classical we mean functions over ordinary space rather than configuration, Fock or function space. The classical theory that we propose is still non-local.
Constructing local hidden variable (LHV) models for entangled quantum states is challenging, as the model should reproduce quantum predictions for all possible local measurements. Here we present a simple method for building LHV models, applicable to
general entangled states, which consists in verifying that the statistics resulting from a finite set of measurements is local, a much simpler problem. This leads to a sequence of tests which, in the limit, fully capture the set of quantum states admitting a LHV model. Similar methods are developed for constructing local hidden state models. We illustrate the practical relevance of these methods with several examples, and discuss further applications.
Models of complex networks often incorporate node-intrinsic properties abstracted as hidden variables. The probability of connections in the network is then a function of these variables. Real-world networks evolve over time, and many exhibit dynamic
s of node characteristics as well as of linking structure. Here we introduce and study natural temporal extensions of static hidden-variable network models with stochastic dynamics of hidden variables and links. The rates of the hidden variable dynamics and link dynamics are controlled by two parameters, and snapshots of networks in the dynamic models may or may not be equivalent to a static model, depending on the location in the parameter phase diagram. We quantify deviations from static-like behavior, and examine the level of structural persistence in the considered models. We explore tempor
It was shown by Bell that no local hidden variable model is compatible with quantum mechanics. If, instead, one permits the hidden variables to be entirely non-local, then any quantum mechanical predictions can be recovered. In this paper, we conside
r general hidden variable models which can have both local and non-local parts. We then show the existence of (experimentally verifiable) quantum correlations that are incompatible with any hidden variable model having a non-trivial local part, such as the model proposed by Leggett.
Entanglement allows for the nonlocality of quantum theory, which is the resource behind device-independent quantum information protocols. However, not all entangled quantum states display nonlocality, and a central question is to determine the precis
e relation between entanglement and nonlocality. Here we present the first general test to decide whether a quantum state is local, and that can be implemented by semidefinite programming. This method can be applied to any given state and for the construction of new examples of states with local hidden-variable models for both projective and general measurements. As applications we provide a lower bound estimate of the fraction of two-qubit local entangled states and present new explicit examples of such states, including those which arise from physical noise models, Bell-diagonal states, and noisy GHZ and W states.
سجل دخول لتتمكن من نشر تعليقات
التعليقات
جاري جلب التعليقات
سجل دخول لتتمكن من متابعة معايير البحث التي قمت باختيارها
