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It was recently pointed out that simple scaling properties of Polyakov correlation functions of gauge systems in the confining phase suggest that the ratios of k-string tensions in the low temperature region is constant up to terms of order T^3. Here we argue that, at least in a three-dimensional Z_4 gauge model, the above ratios are constant in the whole confining phase. This result is obtained by combining numerical experiments with known exact results on the mass spectrum of an integrable two-dimensional spin model describing the infrared behaviour of the gauge system near the deconfining transition.
We investigate the continuum limit of a compact formulation of the lattice U(1) gauge theory in 4 dimensions using a nonperturbative gauge-fixed regularization. We find clear evidence of a continuous phase transition in the pure gauge theory for all
We discuss the lattice formulation of the t Hooft surface, that is, the two-dimensional surface operator of a dual variable. The t Hooft surface describes the world sheets of topological vortices. We derive the formulas to calculate the expectation v
From continuum studies it is known that the Coulomb string tension $sigma_C$ gives an upper bound for the physical (Wilson) string tension $sigma_W$ [D. Zwanziger, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 102001 (2003)]. How does however such relationship translate to t
We study the U(2) lattice gauge theory in the pure gauge sector using the simplest action, with determinant and fundamental terms, having the naive continuum limit of SU(2)$times$U(1). We determine part of the phase diagram of the model and find a fi
The global conformal gauge is playing the crucial role in string theory providing the basis for quantization. Its existence for two-dimensional Lorentzian metric is known locally for a long time. We prove that if a Lorentzian metric is given on a pla