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We give a rigorous and mathematically clear presentation of the Covariant and Gauge Invariant theory of gravitational waves in a perturbed Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker universe for Fourth Order Gravity, where the matter is described by a perfect fluid with a barotropic equation of state. As an example of a consistent analysis of tensor perturbations in Fourth Order Gravity, we apply the formalism to a simple background solution of R^n gravity. We obtain the exact solutions of the perturbation equations for scales much bigger than and smaller than the Hubble radius. It is shown that the evolution of tensor modes is highly sensitive to the choice of n and an interesting new feature arises. During the radiation dominated era, their exist a growing tensor perturbation for nearly all choices of n. This occurs even when the background model is undergoing accelerated expansion as opposed to the case of General Relativity. Consequently, cosmological gravitational wave modes can in principle provide a strong constraint on the theory of gravity independent of other cosmological data sets.
We point out that there are only three polarizations for gravitational waves in $f(R)$ gravity, and the polarization due to the massive scalar mode is a mix of the pure longitudinal and transverse breathing polarization. The classification of the six
There is a host of alternative theories of gravitation in the literature, among them the $f(R,T)$ recently elaborated by Harko and collaborators. In these theories the $R$ and $T$ are respectively the Ricci scalar and the trace of the energy momentum
One of the so-called viable modified gravities is analyzed. This kind of gravity theories are characterized by a well behavior at local scales, where General Relativity is recovered, while the modified terms become important at the cosmological level
We discuss the scalar mode of gravitational waves emerging in the context of $F(R)$ gravity by taking into account the chameleon mechanism. Assuming a toy model with a specific matter distribution to reproduce the environment of detection experiment
In this work we shall develop a quantitative approach for extracting predictions on the primordial gravitational waves energy spectrum for $f(R)$ gravity. We shall consider two distinct models which yield different phenomenology, one pure $f(R)$ grav