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The probability of multiple ionization of krypton by 50 femtosecond circularly polarized laser pulses, independent of the optical focal geometry, has been obtained for the first time. The excellent agreement over the intensity range 10 TWcm-2 to 10 PWcm-2 with the recent predictions of A. S. Kornev et al [Phys. Rev. A v.68, art.043414 (2003)] provides the first experimental confirmation that non-recollisional electronic excitation can occur in strong field ionization. This is particularly true for higher stages of ionization, when the laser intensity exceeds 1 PWcm-2 as the energetic departure of the ionized electron(s) diabatically distorts the wavefunctions of the bound electrons. By scaling the probability of ionization by the focal volume, we discusses why this mechanism was not apparent in previous studies.
Modern intense ultrafast pulsed lasers generate an electric field of sufficient strength to permit tunnel ionization of the valence electrons in atoms. This process is usually treated as a rapid succession of isolated events, in which the states of t
The importance of multi-electron dynamics during the tunnel ionization of a correlated quantum system is investigated. By comparison of the solution of the time-dependent Schru007fodinger equation (TDSE) with the time-dependent configuration interact
Consensus has been reached that recollision, as the most important post-tunneling process, is responsible for nonsequential double ionization process in intense infrared laser field, however, its effect has been restricted to interaction between the
Measuring the delay for an electron to emerge from different states is one of the major achievements of attosecond science. This delay can have two origins - the electron wave packet is reshaped during departure by the electrostatic field of the ioni
When intense light irradiates a quantum system, an ionizing electron recollides with its parent ion within the same light cycle and, during that very brief (few femtosecond) encounter, its kinetic energy sweeps from low to high energy and back. There