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We discuss some topical issues related to the Fe K emission lines in AGNs. We show remarkable agreement between non-contemporaneous ASCA and Chandra grating data and explain why there has been terrible confusion about the ASCA and post-ASCA results on the relativistic Fe K lines. We point out that in fact the number of sources (not the percentage) that have been reported to exhibit relativistic Fe K lines is now larger than it was in the ASCA era. Thus, the case for Constellation-X as a probe of strong gravity is even more compelling than it was a decade ago. One of the primary goals of these studies is to establish the foundation for future missions to map the spacetime metric around black holes. A prerequisite first step is to measure the black hole angular momentum in a robust manner that does not rely on assumptions about the accreting system. In addition, probing the Fe K lines out to high redshifts will pave the way for studying the accretion history and evolution of supermassive black holes. However, we point out some issues that need to be resolved, pertaining to the spin measurement and to the relativistic Fe K line emission found from AGN in deep surveys.
When thermal relativistic electrons with isotropic distribution of velocities move in a gas region, or impinge upon the surface of a cloud that consists of a dense gas or doped dusts, the Cerenkov effect produces peculiar atomic or ionic emission lin
The X-ray spectra of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are complex and vary rapidly in time as seen in recent observations. Magnetic flares above the accretion disk can account for the extreme variability of AGN. They also explain the observed iron Kalpha
We analyze X-ray spectra of heavily obscured (N_H > 10^{24} cm^{-2}) active galaxies obtained with Chandra, concentrating on the iron K alpha fluorescence line. We measure very large equivalent widths in most cases, up to 5 keV in the most extreme ex
We have observed the diffuse X-ray emission from the Galactic center (GC) using the X-ray Imaging Spectrometer (XIS) on Suzaku. The high-energy resolution and the low-background orbit provide excellent spectra of the GC diffuse X-rays (GCDX). The XIS
We have investigated the broad-line Balmer decrements (Halpha/Hbeta) for a large, homogeneous sample of Seyfert 1 galaxies and QSOs using spectroscopic data obtained in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The sample, drawn from the Fourth Data Release, com