We observed HCO$^+$ $J=1-0$ and H$^{13}$CO$^+$ $J=1-0$ emission towards the five protoplanetary disks around IM Lup, GM Aur, AS 209, HD 163296, and MWC 480 as part of the MAPS project. HCO$^+$ is detected and mapped at 0.3arcsec,resolution in all five disks, while H$^{13}$CO$^+$ is detected (SNR$>6 sigma$) towards GM Aur and HD 163296 and tentatively detected (SNR$>3 sigma$) towards the other disks by a matched filter analysis. Inside a radius of $Rsim 100$ au, the HCO$^+$ column density is flat or shows a central dip. At outer radii ($gtrsim 100$ au), the HCO$^+$ column density decreases outwards, while the column density ratio of HCO$^+$/CO is mostly in the range of $sim 10^{-5}-10^{-4}$. We derived the HCO$^+$ abundance in the warm CO-rich layer, where HCO$^+$ is expected to be the dominant molecular ion. At $Rgtrsim 100$ au, the HCO$^+$ abundance is $sim 3 times 10^{-11} - 3times 10^{-10}$, which is consistent with a template disk model with X-ray ionization. At the smaller radii, the abundance decreases inwards, which indicates that the ionization degree is lower in denser gas, especially inside the CO snow line, where the CO-rich layer is in the midplane. Comparison of template disk models with the column densities of HCO$^+$, N$_2$H$^+$, and N$_2$D$^+$ indicates that the midplane ionization rate is $gtrsim 10^{-18}$ s$^{-1}$ for the disks around IM Lup, AS 209, and HD 163296. We also find hints of an increased HCO$^+$ abundance around the location of dust continuum gaps in AS 209, HD 163296, and MWC 480. This paper is part of the MAPS special issue of the Astrophysical Journal Supplement.
تحميل البحث