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We introduce a non-linear frequency dependent D+1 terminal conductance that characterizes a D dimensional Fermi gas, generalizing the Landauer conductance in D=1. For a ballistic conductor we show that this conductance is quantized and probes the Euler characteristic of the Fermi sea. We critically address the roles of electrical contacts and of Fermi liquid interactions, and we propose experiments on 2D Dirac materials such as graphene using a triple point contact geometry.
Electric-field effect control of two-dimensional electron gases (2-DEG) has enabled the exploration of nanoscale electron quantum transport in semiconductors. Beyond these classical materials, transition metal-oxide-based structures have d-electronic
Majorana zero-modes hold great promise for topological quantum computing. Tunnelling spectroscopy in electrical transport is the primary tool to identify the presence of Majorana zero-modes, for instance as a zero-bias peak (ZBP) in differential-cond
The universal quantization of thermal conductance provides information on the topological order of a state beyond electrical conductance. Such measurements have become possible only recently, and have discovered, in particular, that the value of the
By studying the time-dependent axial and radial growth of InSb nanowires, we map the conditions for the synthesis of single-crystalline InSb nanocrosses by molecular beam epitaxy. Low-temperature electrical measurements of InSb nanocross devices with
Quantized conductance is reported in high-crystalline tin oxide (SnO2) nanobelt back-gate field-effect transistors, at low temperatures. The quantized conductance was observed as current oscillations in the drain current vs. gate voltage characterist