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Being complex-valued and low in signal-to-noise ratios, magnitude-based diffusion MRI is confounded by the noise-floor that falsely elevates signal magnitude and incurs bias to the commonly used diffusion indices, such as fractional anisotropy (FA). To avoid noise-floor, most existing phase correction methods explore improving filters to estimate the noise-free background phase. In this work, after diving into the phase correction procedures, we argue that even a perfect filter is insufficient for phase correction because the correction procedures are incapable of distinguishing sign-symbols of noise, resulting in artifacts (textit{i.e.}, arbitrary signal loss). With this insight, we generalize the definition of noise-floor to a complex polar coordinate system and propose a calibration procedure that could conveniently distinguish noise sign symbols. The calibration procedure is conceptually simple and easy to implement without relying on any external technique while keeping distinctly effective.
The performance of laser-based active sensing has been severely limited by two types of noise: electrical noise, stemming from elements; optical noise, laser jamming from an eavesdropper and background from environment. Conventional methods to filter
An implicit but pervasive hypothesis of modern computer vision research is that convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures that perform better on ImageNet will also perform better on other vision datasets. We challenge this hypothesis through a
State-of-the-art temporal action detectors to date are based on two-stream input including RGB frames and optical flow. Although combining RGB frames and optical flow boosts performance significantly, optical flow is a hand-designed representation wh
We have withdrawn this paper due to a fatal flaw in eqn(38).
Metasurfaces in metal/insulator/metal configuration have recently been widely used in photonics research, with applications ranging from perfect absorption to phase modulation, but why and when such structures can realize what kind of functionalities