We investigate the magnetic nanoparticles (fluid) hyperthermia in non-adiabatic conditions through the calorimetric method. Specifically, we propose a theoretical approach to magnetic hyperthermia from a thermodynamic point of view. To test the robustness of the approach, we perform hyperthermia experiments and analyze the thermal behavior of magnetite and magnesium ferrite magnetic nanoparticles dispersed in water submitted to an alternating magnetic field. From our findings, besides estimating the specific loss power value from a non-adiabatic process, thus enhancing the accuracy in the determination of this quantity, we provide physical meaning to parameters found in literature that still remained not fully understood, and bring to light how they can be obtained experimentally.