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Primary power standards in the microwave domain are realized using a calorimetric technique, usually identified with the used measurement system, i.e., the microcalorimeter. It is adjusted for measurement of power ratios with a relative accuracy that, after an appropriate system calibration, is of order of 10^-3, at least in the microwave domain (1 GHz-18 GHz). Hereby we describe the calibration process implemented at the Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (Italy) for realizing a coaxial power standard based on indirect heating thermocouples. Particular regard is devoted to describe the nearly ideal thermal load used for determining the microcalorimeter losses and their influence on the measurand accuracy.
Thermoelectric power sensors used as power transfer standards are promising devices for further enhancements of the microcalorimetric technique in the high frequency field. A coaxial microcalorimeter has been studied, based on thermoelectric power se
Thermoelectric power sensors can now be used as transfer standards, instead of bolometers, in the microcalorimeter technique. This alternative has the technical advantages to be less sensitive to absolute temperature and not downward frequency limite
The careful filtering of microwave electromagnetic radiation is critical for controlling the electromagnetic environment for experiments in solid-state quantum information processing and quantum metrology at millikelvin temperatures. We describe the
We use narrow spectral lines from the x-ray spectra of various highlycharged ions to measure low-energy tail-like deviations from a Gaussian responsefunction in a microcalorimter x-ray spectrometer with Au absorbers at energiesfrom 650 eV to 3320 eV.
We consider how to analyze microcalorimeter pulses for quantities that are nonlinear in the data, while preserving the signal-to-noise advantages of lin- ear optimal filtering. We successfully apply our chosen approach to compute the electrothermal f