اشترك بالحزمة الذهبية واحصل على وصول غير محدود شمرا أكاديميا
تسجيل مستخدم جديدSimulation of a generalized asset exchange model with economic growth and wealth distribution
77
0
0.0
(
0
)
اسأل ChatGPT حول البحث
ﻻ يوجد ملخص باللغة العربية
The agent-based Yard-Sale model of wealth inequality is generalized to incorporate exponential economic growth and its distribution. The distribution of economic growth is nonuniform and is determined by the wealth of each agent and a parameter $lambda$. Our numerical results indicate that the model has a critical point at $lambda=1$ between a phase for $lambda < 1$ with economic mobility and exponentially growing wealth of all agents and a non-stationary phase for $lambda geq 1$ with wealth condensation and no mobility. We define the energy of the system and show that the system can be considered to be in thermodynamic equilibrium for $lambda < 1$. Our estimates of various critical exponents are consistent with a mean-field theory (see following paper). The exponents do not obey the usual scaling laws unless a combination of parameters that we refer to as the Ginzburg parameter is held fixed as the transition is approached. The model illustrates that both poorer and richer agents benefit from economic growth if its distribution does not favor the richer agents too strongly. This work and the accompanying theory paper contribute to understanding whether the methods of equilibrium statistical mechanics can be applied to economic systems.
قيم البحث
اقرأ أيضاً
We develop a mean-field theory of the growth, exchange and distribution (GED) model introduced by Kang et al. (preceding paper) that accurately describes the phase transition in the limit that the number of agents $N$ approaches infinity. The GED mod
el is a generalization of the Yard-Sale model in which the additional wealth added by economic growth is nonuniformly distributed to the agents according to their wealth in a way determined by the parameter $lambda$. The model was shown numerically to have a phase transition at $lambda=1$ and be characterized by critical exponents and critical slowing down. Our mean-field treatment of the GED model correctly predicts the existence of the phase transition, critical slowing down, the values of the critical exponents, and introduces an energy whose probability satisfies the Boltzmann distribution for $lambda < 1$, implying that the system is in thermodynamic equilibrium in the limit that $N to infty$. We show that the values of the critical exponents obtained by varying $lambda$ for a fixed value of $N$ do not satisfy the usual scaling laws, but do satisfy scaling if a combination of parameters, which we refer to as the Ginzburg parameter, is much greater than one and is held constant. We discuss possible implications of our results for understanding economic systems and the subtle nature of the mean-field limit in systems with both additive and multiplicative noise.
This paper analyzes the equilibrium distribution of wealth in an economy where firms productivities are subject to idiosyncratic shocks, returns on factors are determined in competitive markets, dynasties have linear consumption functions and governm
ent imposes taxes on capital and labour incomes and equally redistributes the collected resources to dynasties. The equilibrium distribution of wealth is explicitly calculated and its shape crucially depends on market incompleteness. In particular, a Paretian law in the top tail only arises if capital markets are incomplete. The Pareto exponent depends on the saving rate, on the net return on capital, on the growth rate of population and on portfolio diversification. On the contrary, the characteristics of the labour market mostly affects the bottom tail of the distribution of wealth. The analysis also suggests a positive relationship between growth and wealth inequality.
The LLS stock market model is a model of heterogeneous quasi-rational investors operating in a complex environment about which they have incomplete information. We review the main features of this model and several of its extensions. We study the eff
ects of investor heterogeneity and show that predation, competition, or symbiosis may occur between different investor populations. The dynamics of the LLS model lead to the empirically observed Pareto wealth distribution. Many properties observed in actual markets appear as natural consequences of the LLS dynamics: truncated Levy distribution of short-term returns, excess volatility, a return autocorrelation U-shape pattern, and a positive correlation between volume and absolute returns.
We study a generalization of the voter model on complex networks, focusing on the scaling of mean exit time. Previous work has defined the voter model in terms of an initially chosen node and a randomly chosen neighbor, which makes it difficult to di
sentangle the effects of the stochastic process itself relative to the network structure. We introduce a process with two steps, one that selects a pair of interacting nodes and one that determines the direction of interaction as a function of the degrees of the two nodes and a parameter $alpha$ which sets the likelihood of the higher degree node giving its state. Traditional voter model behavior can be recovered within the model. We find that on a complete bipartite network, the traditional voter model is the fastest process. On a random network with power law degree distribution, we observe two regimes. For modest values of $alpha$, exit time is dominated by diffusive drift of the system state, but as the high nodes become more influential, the exit time becomes becomes dominated by frustration effects. For certain selection processes, a short intermediate regime occurs where exit occurs after exponential mixing.
We study, both analytically and numerically, the interaction effects on the skewness of the size distribution of elements in a growth model. We incorporate two types of global interaction into the growth model, and develop analytic expressions for th
e first few moments from which the skewness of the size distribution is calculated. It is found that depending on the sign of coupling, interactions may suppress or enhance the size growth, which in turn leads to the decrease or increase of the skewness. The amount of change tends to increase with the coupling strength, rather irrespectively of the details of the model.
سجل دخول لتتمكن من نشر تعليقات
التعليقات
جاري جلب التعليقات
سجل دخول لتتمكن من متابعة معايير البحث التي قمت باختيارها
