In this work we revisit the phase diagram of Co-doped LaFeAsO using single crystals and thermodynamic methods. From magnetic susceptibility studies we track the doping evolution of the antiferromagnetic phase, revealing a continuous suppression of $T_mathrm{N}$ up to 5$%$ Co doping. In order to study the evolution of the so-called nematic phase, the temperature dependence of the lengths changes along the $a$ and $b$ orthorhombic directions, $Delta L/L_0$, was determined by high-resolution capacitance dilatometry. The results clearly show a gradual reduction of the orthorhombic distortion $delta$ and of $T_mathrm{S}$ with increasing Co content up to 4.5$%$, while it is completely suppressed for 7.5$%$ Co. Bulk superconductivity was found in a small doping region around 6$%$ Co content, while both $T_mathrm{c}$ and the superconducting volume fraction rapidly drop in the neighbouring doping regime. Ultimately, no microscopic coexistence between the superconducting and magnetic phases can be assessed within our resolution limit, in sharp contrast with other iron-pnictide families, e.g., electron- and hole-doped BaFe$_2$As$_2$.
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