Tuning interfacial thermal conductance has been a key task for the thermal management of nanoelectronic devices. Here, it is studied how the interfacial thermal conductance is great influenced by modulating the mass distribution of the interlayer of one-dimensional atomic chain. By nonequilibrium Greens function and machine learning algorithm, the maximum/minimum value of thermal conductance and its corresponding mass distribution are calculated. Interestingly, the mass distribution corresponding to the maximum thermal conductance is not a simple function, such as linear and exponential distribution predicted in previous works, it is similar to a sinusoidal curve around linear distribution for larger thickness interlayer. Further, the mechanism of the abnormal results is explained by analyzing the phonon transmission spectra and density of states. The work provides deep insight into optimizing and designing interfacial thermal conductance by modulating mass distribution of interlayer atoms.
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