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Quantum information scrambling under many-body dynamics is of fundamental interest. The tripartite mutual information can quantify the scrambling via its negative value. Here, we first study the quench dynamics of tripartite mutual information in a non-integrable Ising model where the strong and weak thermalization are observed with different initial states. We numerically show that the fastest scrambling can occur when the energy density of the chosen initial state possesses the maximum density of states. We then present an experimental protocol for observing weak and strong thermalization in a superconducting qubit array. Based on the protocol, the relation between scrambling and thermalization revealed in this work can be directly verified by superconducting quantum simulations.
Understanding various phenomena in non-equilibrium dynamics of closed quantum many-body systems, such as quantum thermalization, information scrambling, and nonergodic dynamics, is a crucial for modern physics. Using a ladder-type superconducting qua
We provide a protocol to measure out-of-time-order correlation functions. These correlation functions are of theoretical interest for diagnosing the scrambling of quantum information in black holes and strongly interacting quantum systems generally.
We experimentally study the ergodic dynamics of a 1D array of 12 superconducting qubits with a transverse field, and identify the regimes of strong and weak thermalization with different initial states. We observe convergence of the local observable
Quantum scrambling is the dispersal of local information into many-body quantum entanglements and correlations distributed throughout the entire system. This concept underlies the dynamics of thermalization in closed quantum systems, and more recentl
Interaction in quantum systems can spread initially localized quantum information into the many degrees of freedom of the entire system. Understanding this process, known as quantum scrambling, is the key to resolving various conundrums in physics. H