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Grain boundary wetting as a preliminary stage for zinc induced grain boundary weakening and embrittlement in a Zn coated press hardened 20MnB8 steel was analyzed by means of electron backscatter diffraction, Auger electron spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis and transmission electron microscopy on the nanometer scale. Microcracks at prior austenite grains boundaries were observed and structures developed after microcrack formation were identified. Zn/Fe intermetallic phases, smaller than 100 nm in size, are present at the crack surfaces and at the wedge-shaped crack tips. In order to get a complete picture, including the microstructure before cracking, an undeformed, electrolytically coated reference sample which underwent the same heat treatment as the press hardened material was investigated. Here, Zn, in the order of one atomic layer or less, could be found along prior austenite grain boundaries several micrometer away from the actual Zn/Fe phases in the coating. From this, we conclude that grain boundary weakening by Zn wetting of prior austenitic grain boundaries cannot be ruled out as necessary condition for microcrack formation from a physical characterization point of view.
Electric fields and currents, which are used in innovative materials processing and electrochemical energy conversion, can often alter microstructures in unexpected ways. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Using ZnO-Bi2O3 as a
A detailed theoretical and numerical investigation of the infinitesimal single-crystal gradient plasticity and grain-boundary theory of Gurtin (2008) A theory of grain boundaries that accounts automatically for grain misorientation and grain-boundary
We apply inline electron holography to investigate the electrostatic potential across an individual BaZr0.9Y0.1O3 grain boundary. With holography, we measure a grain boundary potential of -1.3 V. Electron energy loss spectroscopy analyses indicate th
Drying induced cracking of concrete surfaces and repair layers is a common problem. A principal cause for this type of cracking is the moisture and resulting contraction gradient that develops in the cement paste matrix upon drying. This phenomenon h
Mg grain boundary (GB) segregation and GB diffusion can impact the processing and properties of Al-Mg alloys. Yet, Mg GB diffusion in Al has not been measured experimentally or predicted by simulations. We apply atomistic computer simulations to pred