In an earlier paper (A. N. Kochubei, {it Pacif. J. Math.} 269 (2014), 355--369), the author considered a restriction of Vladimirovs fractional differentiation operator $D^alpha$, $alpha >0$, to radial functions on a non-Archimedean field. In particular, it was found to possess such a right inverse $I^alpha$ that the appropriate change of variables reduces equations with $D^alpha$ (for radial functions) to integral equations whose properties resemble those of classical Volterra equations. In other words, we found, in the framework of non-Archimedean pseudo-differential operators, a counterpart of ordinary differential equations. In the present paper, we begin an operator-theoretic investigation of the operator $I^alpha$, and study a related analog of the Laplace transform.