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From solar supergranulation to salt flat in Bolivia, from veins on leaves to cells on Drosophila wing discs, polygon-based networks exhibit great complexities, yet similarities persist and statistical distributions can be remarkably consistent. Based on analysis of 99 polygonal tessellations of a wide variety of physical origins, this work demonstrates the ubiquity of an exponential distribution in the squared norm of the deformation tensor, $E^{2}$, which directly leads to the ubiquitous presence of Gamma distributions in polygon aspect ratio. The $E^{2}$ distribution in turn arises as a $chi^{2}$-distribution, and an analytical framework is developed to compute its statistics. $E^{2}$ is closely related to many energy forms, and its Boltzmann-like feature allows the definition of a pseudo-temperature. Together with normality in other key variables such as vertex displacement, this work reveals regularities universally present in all systems alike
We investigate a particular phase transition between two different tunneling regimes, direct and injection (Fowler-Nordheim), experimentally observed in the current-voltage characteristics of the light receptor bacteriorhodopsin (bR). Here, the sharp
We construct a minimalist model of RNA secondary-structure formation and use it to study the mapping from sequence to structure. There are strong, qualitative differences between two-letter and four or six-letter alphabets. With only two kinds of bas
Noethers calculus of invariant variations yields exact identities from functional symmetries. The standard application to an action integral allows to identify conservation laws. Here we rather consider generating functionals, such as the free energy
Run-and-tumble dynamics is a wide-spread mechanism of swimming bacteria. The accumulation of run-and-tumble microswimmers near impermeable surfaces is studied theoretically and numerically in the low-density limit in two and three spatial dimensions.
We consider an active Brownian particle in a $d$-dimensional harmonic trap, in the presence of translational diffusion. While the Fokker-Planck equation can not in general be solved to obtain a closed form solution of the joint distribution of positi