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Discovering and optimizing commercially viable materials for clean energy applications typically takes over a decade. Self-driving laboratories that iteratively design, execute, and learn from material science experiments in a fully autonomous loop present an opportunity to accelerate this research. We report here a modular robotic platform driven by a model-based optimization algorithm capable of autonomously optimizing the optical and electronic properties of thin-film materials by modifying the film composition and processing conditions. We demonstrate this platform by using it to maximize the hole mobility of organic hole transport materials commonly used in perovskite solar cells and consumer electronics. This demonstration highlights the possibilities of using autonomous laboratories to discover organic and inorganic materials relevant to materials sciences and clean energy technologies.
Ag nanorod arrays/dielectrics/mirror-structured multilayer thin-film are well known, highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates that enhance the Raman scattering cross-section by the interference of light. However, extractin
Fabricating high-performance and/or high-density flexible electronics on plastic substrates is often limited by the poor dimensional stability of polymer substrates. This can be mitigated by using glass carriers during fabrication, but removing the p
We developed a capacitor type heat flow switching device, in which electron thermal conductivity of the electrodes is actively controlled through the carrier concentration varied by an applied bias voltage. The devices consist of an amorphous p-type
High throughput experimental methods are known to accelerate the rate of research, development, and deployment of electronic materials. For example, thin films with lateral gradients in composition, thickness, or other parameters have been used along
Quantum technologies require robust and photostable single photon emitters (SPEs) that can be reliably engineered. Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has recently emerged as a promising candidate host to bright and optically stable SPEs operating at room