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We present the evaluation of a closed form formula for the calculation of the original step between two randomly shifted fringe patterns. Our proposal extends the Gram--Schmidt orthonormalization algorithm for fringe pattern. Experimentally, the phase shift is introduced by a electro--mechanical devices (such as piezoelectric or moving mounts).The estimation of the actual phase step allows us to improve the phase shifting device calibration. The evaluation consists of three cases that represent different pre-normalization processes: First, we evaluate the accuracy of the method in the orthonormalization process by estimating the test step using synthetic normalized fringe patterns with no background, constant amplitude and different noise levels. Second, we evaluate the formula with a variable amplitude function on the fringe patterns but with no background. Third, we evaluate non-normalized noisy fringe patterns including the comparison of pre-filtering processes such as the Gabor filter banks and the isotropic normalization process, in order to emphasize how they affect in the calculation of the phase step.
Two steps phase shifting interferometry has been a hot topic in the recent years. We present a comparison study of 12 representative self--tunning algorithms based on two-steps phase shifting interferometry. We evaluate the performance of such algori
We present the Simplified Lissajous Ellipse Fitting (SLEF) method for the calculation of the random phase step and the phase distribution from two phase-shifted interferograms. We consider interferograms with spatial and temporal dependency of backgr
Fringe projection profilometry (FPP) has become increasingly important in dynamic 3-D shape measurement. In FPP, it is necessary to retrieve the phase of the measured object before shape profiling. However, traditional phase retrieval techniques ofte
In this paper, we study the outage performance of simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIP- T) based three-step two-way decode-and-forward (DF) relay networks, where both power-splitting (PS) and harvest-then-forward are employed. I
We use the shear construction to construct and classify a wide range of two-step solvable Lie groups admitting a left-invariant SKT structure. We reduce this to a specification of SKT shear data on Abelian Lie algebras, and which then is studied more