This paper proposes a data-driven algorithm of locating the source of forced oscillations and suggests the physical interpretation of the method. By leveraging the sparsity of the forced oscillation sources along with the low-rank nature of synchrophasor data, the problem of source localization under resonance conditions is cast as computing the sparse and low-rank components using Robust Principal Component Analysis (RPCA), which can be efficiently solved by the exact Augmented Lagrange Multiplier method. Based on this problem formulation, an efficient and practically implementable algorithm is proposed to pinpoint the forced oscillation source during real-time operation. Furthermore, we provide theoretical insights into the efficacy of the proposed approach by use of physical model-based analysis, in specific by establishing the fact that the rank of the resonance component matrix is at most 2. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated in the IEEE 68-bus power system and the WECC 179-bus benchmark system.
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