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Let $M$ be a simple 3-manifold, and $F$ be a component of $partial M$ of genus at least 2. Let $alpha$ and $beta$ be separating slopes on $F$. Let $M(alpha)$ (resp. $M(beta)$) be the manifold obtained by adding a 2-handle along $alpha$ (resp. $beta$). If $M(alpha)$ and $M(beta)$ are $partial$-reducible, then the minimal geometric intersection number of $alpha$ and $beta$ is at most 8.
The fusion number of a ribbon knot is the minimal number of 1-handles needed to construct a ribbon disk. The strong homotopy fusion number of a ribbon knot is the minimal number of 2-handles in a handle decomposition of a ribbon disk complement. We d
It is shown that if the exterior of a link L in the three sphere admits a genus 2 Heegaard splitting, then L has Generalized Property R.
We prove a homological stability theorem for the subgroup of the mapping class group acting as the identity on some fixed portion of the first homology group of the surface. We also prove a similar theorem for the subgroup of the mapping class group
A quandle is a set that has a binary operation satisfying three conditions corresponding to the Reidemeister moves. Homology theories of quandles have been developed in a way similar to group homology, and have been applied to knots and knotted surfa
We study the family of rational sets of words, called completely reducible and which are such that the syntactic representation of their characteristic series is completely reducible. This family contains, by a result of Reutenauer, the submonoids ge