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The magnetic field plays an important role in every stage of the star-formation process from the collapse of the initial protostellar core to the stars arrival on the main sequence. Consequently, the goal of this science case is to explore a wide range of magnetic phenomena that can be investigated using the polarization capabilities of the Next Generation Very Large Array (ngVLA). These include (1) magnetic fields in protostellar cores via polarized emission from aligned dust grains, including in regions optically thick at wavelengths observable by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA); (2) magnetic fields in both protostellar cores and molecular outflows via spectral-line polarization from the Zeeman and Goldreich-Kylafis effects; (3) magnetic fields in protostellar jets via polarized synchrotron emission; and (4) gyrosynchrotron emission from magnetospheres around low-mass stars.
Energy stored in the magnetic field in the solar atmosphere above active regions is a key driver of all solar activity (e.g., solar flares and coronal mass ejections), some of which can affect life on Earth. Radio observations provide a unique diagno
The magnetic field is a key ingredient in the recipe of star formation. Over the past two decades, millimeter and submillimeter interferometers have made major strides in unveiling the role of the magnetic field in star formation at progressively sma
The Next Generation Very Large Array (ngVLA) has excellent capabilities to unveil various dynamical and chemical processes in massive star formation at the unexplored innermost regions. Based on the recent observations of ALMA/VLA as well as theoreti
Planets assemble in the midplanes of protoplanetary disks. The compositions of dust and gas in the disk midplane region determine the compositions of nascent planets, including their chemical hospitality to life. In this context, the distributions of
Magnetic fields play a crucial role at all stages of the formation of low mass stars and planetary systems. In the final stages, in particular, they control the kinematics of in-falling gas from circumstellar discs, and the launching and collimation