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With the Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we have observed the radio emission from 561 extensive air showers with zenith angles between 60$^circ$ and 84$^circ$. In contrast to air showers with more vertical incidence, these inclined air showers illuminate large ground areas of several km$^2$ with radio signals detectable in the 30 to 80,MHz band. A comparison of the measured radio-signal amplitudes with Monte Carlo simulations of a subset of 50 events for which we reconstruct the energy using the Auger surface detector shows agreement within the uncertainties of the current analysis. As expected for forward-beamed radio emission undergoing no significant absorption or scattering in the atmosphere, the area illuminated by radio signals grows with the zenith angle of the air shower. Inclined air showers with EeV energies are thus measurable with sparse radio-antenna arrays with grid sizes of a km or more. This is particularly attractive as radio detection provides direct access to the energy in the electromagnetic cascade of an air shower, which in case of inclined air showers is not accessible by arrays of particle detectors on the ground.
We describe the method devised to reconstruct inclined cosmic-ray air showers with zenith angles greater than $60^circ$ detected with the surface array of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The measured signals at the ground level are fitted to muon densi
The water-Cherenkov tanks of the Pierre Auger Observatory can detect particles at all zenith angles and are therefore well-suited for the study of inclined and horizontal air showers (60 - 90 degrees). Such showers are characterised by a dominance of
The Pierre Auger Observatory is a hybrid detector for ultra-high energy cosmic rays. It combines a surface array to measure secondary particles at ground level together with a fluorescence detector to measure the development of air showers in the atm
The Pierre Auger Observatory is exploring the potential of the radio detection technique to study extensive air showers induced by ultra-high energy cosmic rays. The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) addresses both technological and scientific asp
The Pierre Auger Observatory is being used to study cosmic rays with energies larger than 10 EeV. An essential quantity that must be deduced from data is the lateral distribution function (LDF). Knowledge of the LDF is important for the reconstructio