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For the first time in a bulk proper uniaxial ferroelectrics, double antiferroelectric-like hysteresis loops have been observed in the case of Sn$_2$P$_2$S$_6$ crystal. The quantum anharmonic oscillator model was proposed for description of such polarization switching process. This phenomenon is related to three-well local potential of spontaneous polarization fluctuations at peculiar negative ratio of coupling constants which correspond to inter-site interaction in given sublattice and interaction between two sublattices of Sn$_2$P$_2$S$_6$ modeled crystal structure. Obtained data can be used for development of triple-level cell type memory technology.
Cumulative growth of successive minor hysteresis loops in Co/Pd multilayers with perpendicular anisotropy was studied in the context of time dependent magnetization reversal dynamics. We show that in disordered ferromagnets, where magnetization rever
In published papers, the Gibbs free energy of ferroelectric materials has usually been quantified by the retention of 6th or 8th order polarization terms. In this paper, a newly analytical model of Gibbs free energy, thereout, a new model of polariza
We present the results of Monte Carlo simulations of the magnetic properties of a model for a single nanoparticle consisting in a ferromagnetic core surrounded by an antiferromagnetic shell. The simulations of hysteresis loops after cooling in a magn
To optimize the heating properties of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in magnetic hyperthermia applications, it is necessary to calculate the area of their hysteresis loops in an alternating magnetic field. The three types of theories suitable for desc
A phenomenological treatment of domain walls based on the Ginzburg-Landau-Devonshire theory is developed for uniaxial, trigonal ferroelectrics lithium niobate and lithium tantalate. The contributions to the domain wall energy from polarization and st