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Given a Counting Monadic Second Order (CMSO) sentence $psi$, the CMSO$[psi]$ problem is defined as follows. The input to CMSO$[psi]$ is a graph $G$, and the objective is to determine whether $Gmodels psi$. Our main theorem states that for every CMSO sentence $psi$, if CMSO$[psi]$ is solvable in polynomial time on globally highly connected graphs, then CMSO$[psi]$ is solvable in polynomial time (on general graphs). We demonstrate the utility of our theorem in the design of parameterized algorithms. Specifically we show that technical problem-specific ingredients of a powerful method for designing parameterized algorithms, recursive understanding, can be replaced by a black-box invocation of our main theorem. We also show that our theorem can be easily deployed to show fixed parameterized tractability of a wide range of problems, where the input is a graph $G$ and the task is to find a connected induced subgraph of $G$ such that few vertices in this subgraph have neighbors outside the subgraph, and additionally the subgraph has a CMSO-definable property.
Inspired by a width invariant defined on permutations by Guillemot and Marx [SODA 14], we introduce the notion of twin-width on graphs and on matrices. Proper minor-closed classes, bounded rank-width graphs, map graphs, $K_t$-free unit $d$-dimensiona
In the Survivable Network Design Problem (SNDP), the input is an edge-weighted (di)graph $G$ and an integer $r_{uv}$ for every pair of vertices $u,vin V(G)$. The objective is to construct a subgraph $H$ of minimum weight which contains $r_{uv}$ edge-
MAX CLIQUE problem (MCP) is an NPO problem, which asks to find the largest complete sub-graph in a graph $G, G = (V, E)$ (directed or undirected). MCP is well known to be $NP-Hard$ to approximate in polynomial time with an approximation ratio of $1 +
In the field of constraint satisfaction problems (CSP), promise CSPs are an exciting new direction of study. In a promise CSP, each constraint comes in two forms: strict and weak, and in the associated decision problem one must distinguish between be
We initiate the study of a new parameterization of graph problems. In a multiple interval representation of a graph, each vertex is associated to at least one interval of the real line, with an edge between two vertices if and only if an interval ass