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In this thesis, I go through the well-known solutions to the one and two-particle systems trapped in a quantum harmonic oscillator and then continue to the three, four and many-body quantum systems. This is done by developing new analytical models and numerical methods both for the few- and many-body systems. One-dimensional systems are very interesting in a sense that particles aligned on a line can only change seats by going through each other. This property can be exploited in the strongly interacting regime, where particles are forced to sit in a specific configuration, which can be easily manipulated. The knowledge of how and where the particles are can be exploited in future quantum applications. In short, the thesis is about establishing a solid knowledge about everything that one needs to know about the one-dimensional few- and many-component interacting quantum systems trapped in harmonic oscillator potentials.
We study the fluctuation properties of a one-dimensional many-body quantum system composed of interacting bosons, and investigate the regimes where quantum noise or, respectively, thermal excitations are dominant. For the latter we develop a semiclas
In this Thesis, we report a detailed study of the ground-state properties of a set of quantum few- and many-body systems in one and two dimensions with different types of interactions by using Quantum Monte Carlo methods. Nevertheless, the main focus
We use the ab initio Bethe Ansatz dynamics to predict the dissociation of one-dimensional cold-atom breathers that are created by a quench from a fundamental soliton. We find that the dissociation is a robust quantum many-body effect, while in the me
We investigate the Joule expansion of nonintegrable quantum systems that contain bosons or spinless fermions in one-dimensional lattices. A barrier initially confines the particles to be in half of the system in a thermal state described by the canon
We introduce a new type of models for two-component systems in one dimension subject to exact solutions by Bethe ansatz, where the interspecies interactions are tunable via Feshbach resonant interactions. The applicability of Bethe ansatz is obtained