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We have developed a novel Markov Chain Mote Carlo (MCMC) chemical painting technique to explore possible radial and vertical metallicity gradients for the thick disc progenitor. In our analysis we match an N-body simulation to the data from the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) survey. We assume that the thick disc has a constant scale-height and has completed its formation at an early epoch, after which time radial mixing of its stars has taken place. Under these assumptions, we find that the initial radial metallicity gradient of the thick disc progenitor should not be negative, but either flat or even positive, to explain the current negative vertical metallicity gradient of the thick disc. Our study suggests that the thick disc was built-up in an inside-out and upside-down fashion, and older, smaller and thicker populations are more metal poor. In this case, star forming discs at different epochs of the thick disc formation are allowed to have different radial metallicity gradients, including a negative one, which helps to explain a variety of slopes observed in high redshift disc galaxies. This scenario helps to explain the positive slope of the metallicity-rotation velocity relation observed for the Galactic thick disc. On the other hand, radial mixing flattens the slope of an existing gradient.
Asteroseismology is a promising tool to study Galactic structure and evolution because it can probe the ages of stars. Earlier attempts comparing seismic data from the {it Kepler} satellite with predictions from Galaxy models found that the models pr
Compton Thick (CT) AGN are a key ingredient of Cosmic X-ray Background (CXB) synthesis models, but are still an elusive component of the AGN population beyond the local Universe. Multi-wavelength surveys are the only way to find them at z > 0.1, and
The existence of a large population of Compton thick (CT, $N_{H}>10^{24} cm^{-2}$) AGN is a key ingredient of most Cosmic X-ray background synthesis models. However, direct identification of these sources, especially at high redshift, is difficult du
We study oxygen abundance profiles of the gaseous disc components in simulated galaxies in a hierarchical universe. We analyse the disc metallicity gradients in relation to the stellar masses and star formation rates of the simulated galaxies. We fin
In this work, we explore the diversity of ionised gas kinematics (rotational velocity $v_{phi}$ and velocity dispersion $sigma_{mathrm{g}}$) and gas-phase metallicity gradients at $0.1 leq z leq 2.5$ using a compiled data set of 74 galaxies resolved