We study in this paper the fractional Yamabe problem first considered by Gonzalez-Qing on the conformal infinity $(M^n , [h])$ of a Poincare-Einstein manifold $(X^{n+1} , g^+ )$ with either $n = 2$ or $n geq 3$ and $(M^n , [h])$ is locally flat - namely $(M, h)$ is locally conformally flat. However, as for the classical Yamabe problem, because of the involved quantization phenomena, the variational analysis of the fractional one exhibits also a local situation and a global one. Furthermore the latter global situation includes the case of conformal infinities of Poincare-Einstein manifolds of dimension either 2 or of dimension greater than $2$ and which are locally flat, and hence the minimizing technique of Aubin- Schoen in that case clearly requires an analogue of the positive mass theorem of Schoen-Yau which is not known to hold. Using the algebraic topological argument of Bahri-Coron, we bypass the latter positive mass issue and show that any conformal infinity of a Poincare-Einstein manifold of dimension either $n = 2$ or of dimension $n geq 3$ and which is locally flat admits a Riemannian metric of constant fractional scalar curvature.
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