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We study the data on mean hadron yields and contrast the chemical freezeout conditions in p+p, p+Pb and Pb+Pb at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) energies. We study several schemes for freezeout that mainly differ in the way strangeness is treated: i. strangeness freezes out along with the non-strange hadrons in complete equilibrium (1CFO), ii. strangeness freezes out along with non-strange hadrons with an additional parameter $gamma_S$ accounting for non-equilibrium production of strangeness (1CFO+$gamma_S$), and iii. strangeness freezes out earlier than non-strange hadrons and in thermal equilibrium (2CFO). A comparison of the chisquares of the fits indicate a dependence of the freezeout scheme on the system size. The minimum bias p+p and different centralities of p+Pb and peripheral Pb+Pb data prefer 1CFO$+gamma_S$ with $gamma_S$ approaching unity as we go from p+p to central p+Pb and peripheral Pb+Pb. On the other hand, the mid-central to central Pb+Pb data prefer 2CFO over 1CFO+$gamma_S$. Such system size dependence of freezeout scheme could be an indication of the additional interaction in Pb+Pb over p+Pb and p+p.
Hybrid Hadronization is a new Monte Carlo package to hadronize systems of partons. It smoothly combines quark recombination applicable when distances between partons in phase space are small, and string fragmentation appropriate for dilute parton sys
We present a unified description of elastic and transition form factors involving the nucleon and its resonances; in particular, the $N(1440)$, $Delta(1232)$ and $Delta(1600)$. We compare predictions made using a framework built upon a Faddeev equati
The alpha-rich freezeout from equilibrium occurs during the core-collapse explosion of a massive star when the supernova shock wave passes through the Si-rich shell of the star. The nuclei are heated to high temperature and broken down into nucleons
We illustrate the connection between electron and neutrino scattering off nuclei and show how the former process can be used to constrain the description of the latter. After reviewing some of the nuclear models commonly used to study lepton-nucleus
Hexaquarks constitute a natural extension of complex quark systems like also tetra- and pentaquarks do. To this end the current status of $d^*(2380)$ in both experiment and theory is shortly reviewed. Recent high-precision measurements in the nucleon