Unlike traditional file transfer where only total delay matters, streaming applications impose delay constraints on each packet and require them to be in order. To achieve fast in-order packet decoding, we have to compromise on the throughput. We study this trade-off between throughput and smoothness in packet decoding. We first consider a point-to-point streaming and analyze how the trade-off is affected by the frequency of block-wise feedback, whereby the source receives full channel state feedback at periodic intervals. We show that frequent feedback can drastically improve the throughput-smoothness trade-off. Then we consider the problem of multicasting a packet stream to two users. For both point-to-point and multicast streaming, we propose a spectrum of coding schemes that span different throughput-smoothness tradeoffs. One can choose an appropriate coding scheme from these, depending upon the delay-sensitivity and bandwidth limitations of the application. This work introduces a novel style of analysis using renewal processes and Markov chains to analyze coding schemes.
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