Elucidating the nature of the magnetism of a high-temperature superconductor is crucial for establishing its pairing mechanism. The parent compounds of the cuprate and iron-pnictide superconductors exhibit Neel and stripe magnetic order, respectively. However, FeSe, the structurally simplest iron-based superconductor, shows nematic order (Ts = 90 K), but not magnetic order in the parent phase, and its magnetic ground state is intensely debated. Here, we report inelastic neutron-scattering experiments that reveal both stripe and Neel spin fluctuations over a wide energy range at 110 K. On entering the nematic phase, a substantial amount of spectral weight is transferred from the Neel to the stripe spin fluctuations. Moreover, the total fluctuating magnetic moment of FeSe is ~ 60% larger than that in the iron pnictide BaFe2As2. Our results suggest that FeSe is a novel S = 1 nematic quantum-disordered paramagnet interpolating between the Neel and stripe magnetic instabilities.
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