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We demonstrate the controlled creation of a $mathrm{^{174}Yb^{2+}}$ ion by photo-ionizing $mathrm{^{174}Yb^+}$ with weak continuous-wave lasers at ultraviolet wavelengths. The photo-ionization is performed by resonantly exciting transitions of the $mathrm{^{174}Yb^+}$ ion in three steps. Starting from an ion crystal of two laser-cooled $mathrm{^{174}Yb^+}$ ions localized in a radio-frequency trap, the verification of the ionization process is performed by characterizing the properties of the resulting mixed-species ion-crystal. The obtained results facilitate fundamental studies of physics involving $mathrm{Yb^{2+}}$ ions.
The periodic changes in physical and chemical properties of the chemical elements is caused by the periodic change of the ionization energies. The ionization energy of each element is constant and this manifests itself in the periodic table. However,
Contemporary experiments in cavity quantum electrodynamics (cavity QED) with gas-phase neutral atoms rely increasingly on laser cooling and optical, magneto-optical or magnetostatic trapping methods to provide atomic localization with sub-micron unce
We discuss and measure the phase shift imposed onto a radially polarized light beam when focusing it onto an $^{174}text{Yb}^{+}$ ion. In the derivation of the expected phase shifts we include the properties of the involved atomic levels. Furthermore
We address the concept of direct multiphoton multiple ionization in atoms exposed to intense, short wavelength radiation and explore the conditions under which such processes dominate over the sequential. Their contribution is shown to be quite robus
Several recent attoclock experiments have investigated the fundamental question of a quantum mechanically induced time delay in tunneling ionization via extremely precise photoelectron momentum spectroscopy. The interpretations of those attoclock exp