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We report on the possibility of valley number fractionalization in graphene with a topological defect that is accounted for in Dirac equation by a pseudomagnetic field. The valley number fractionalization is attributable to an imbalance on the number of one particle states in one of the two Dirac points with respect to the other and it is related to the flux of the pseudomagnetic field. We also discuss the analog effect the topological defect might lead in the induced spin polarization of the charge carriers in graphene.
We investigate the effect of topological defects on the transport properties of a narrow ballistic ribbon of graphene with zigzag edges. Our results show that the longitudinal conductance vanishes at several discrete Fermi energies where the system d
Electron spin and pseudospin degrees of freedom play a critical role in many-body phenomena through exchange interactions, the understanding and control of which enable the construction of states with complex topological orders and exotic excitations
Valley pseudospin, the quantum degree of freedom characterizing the degenerate valleys in energy bands, is a distinct feature of two-dimensional Dirac materials. Similar to spin, the valley pseudospin is spanned by a time reversal pair of states, tho
The valley degeneracy of electron states in graphene stimulates intensive research of valley-related optical and transport phenomena. While many proposals on how to manipulate valley states have been put forward, experimental access to the valley pol
We show that fractional charges bound to topological defects in the recently proposed time-reversal-invariant models on honeycomb and square lattices obey fractional statistics. The effective low-energy description is given in terms of a `doubled lev