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Particle-in-Cell (PIC) simulation codes have wide applicability to first-principles modeling of multidimensional nonlinear plasma phenomena, including wake-field accelerators. This review addresses both finite difference and pseudo-spectral PIC algorithms, including numerical instability suppression and generalizations of the spectral field solver.
Modern particle accelerators and their applications increasingly rely on precisely coordinated interactions of intense charged particle and laser beams. Femtosecond-scale synchronization alongside micrometre-scale spatial precision are essential e.g.
A method of slicing of high-energy electron beams following their interaction with the transverse component of the wakefield left in a plasma behind a high intensity ultra short laser pulse is proposed. The transverse component of the wakefield focus
Rapidly growing numerical instabilities routinely occur in multidimensional particle-in-cell computer simulations of plasma-based particle accelerators, astrophysical phenomena, and relativistic charged particle beams. Reducing instability growth to
In a previous paper we showed that dynamical density shocks occur in the non-relativistic expansion of dense single component plasmas relevant to ultrafast electron microscopy; and we showed that fluid models capture these effects accurately. We show
Introduced more than a half century ago, Granger causality has become a popular tool for analyzing time series data in many application domains, from economics and finance to genomics and neuroscience. Despite this popularity, the validity of this no