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تسجيل مستخدم جديدNear-Infrared Detection and Characterization of the Exoplanet HD 95086 b with the Gemini Planet Imager
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HD 95086 is an intermediate-mass debris-disk-bearing star. VLT/NaCo $3.8 mu m$ observations revealed it hosts a $5pm2 mathrm{M}_{Jup}$ companion (HD 95086 b) at $simeq 56$ AU. Follow-up observations at 1.66 and 2.18 $mu m$ yielded a null detection, suggesting extremely red colors for the planet and the need for deeper direct-imaging data. In this Letter, we report H- ($1.7 mu m$) and $mathrm{K}_1$- ($2.05 mu m$) band detections of HD 95086 b from Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) commissioning observations taken by the GPI team. The planet position in both spectral channels is consistent with the NaCo measurements and we confirm it to be comoving. Our photometry yields colors of H-L= $3.6pm 1.0$ mag and K$_1$-L=$2.4pm 0.7$ mag, consistent with previously reported 5-$sigma$ upper limits in H and Ks. The photometry of HD 95086 b best matches that of 2M 1207 b and HR 8799 cde. Comparing its spectral energy distribution with the BT-SETTL and LESIA planet atmospheric models yields T$_{mathrm{eff}}sim$600-1500 K and log g$sim$2.1-4.5. Hot-start evolutionary models yield M=$5pm2$ M$_{Jup}$. Warm-start models reproduce the combined absolute fluxes of the object for M=4-14 M$_{Jup}$ for a wide range of plausible initial conditions (S$_{init}$=8-13 k$_{B}$/baryon). The color-magnitude diagram location of HD 95086 b and its estimated T$_{mathrm{eff}}$ and log g suggest that the planet is a peculiar L-T transition object with an enhanced amount of photospheric dust.
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We present new $H$ (1.5-1.8 $mu$m) photometric and $K_1$ (1.9-2.2 $mu$m) spectroscopic observations of the young exoplanet HD 95086 b obtained with the Gemini Planet Imager. The $H$-band magnitude has been significantly improved relative to previous
measurements, whereas the low resolution $K_1$ ($lambda/deltalambda approx 66$) spectrum is featureless within the measurement uncertainties, and presents a monotonically increasing pseudo-continuum consistent with a cloudy atmosphere. By combining these new measurements with literature $L^{prime}$ photometry, we compare the spectral energy distribution of the planet to other young planetary-mass companions, field brown dwarfs, and to the predictions of grids of model atmospheres. HD 95086 b is over a magnitude redder in $K_1-L^{prime}$ color than 2MASS J12073346-3932539 b and HR 8799 c and d, despite having a similar $L^{prime}$ magnitude. Considering only the near-infrared measurements, HD 95086 b is most analogous to the brown dwarfs 2MASS J2244316+204343 and 2MASS J21481633+4003594, both of which are thought to have dusty atmospheres. Morphologically, the spectral energy distribution of HD 95086 b is best fit by low temperature ($T_{rm eff} =$ 800-1300 K), low surface gravity spectra from models which simulate high photospheric dust content. This range of effective temperatures is consistent with field L/T transition objects, but the spectral type of HD 95086 b is poorly constrained between early L and late T due to its unusual position the color-magnitude diagram, demonstrating the difficulty in spectral typing young, low surface gravity substellar objects. As one of the reddest such objects, HD 95086 b represents an important empirical benchmark against which our current understanding of the atmospheric properties of young extrasolar planets can be tested.
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