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We study a polynomial sequence $C_n(x|q)$ defined as a solution of a $q$-difference equation. This sequence, evaluated at $q$-integers, interpolates Carlitz-Riordans $q$-ballot numbers. In the basis given by some kind of $q$-binomial coefficients, the coefficients are again some $q$-ballot numbers. We obtain in a combinatorial way another curious recurrence relation for these polynomials.
A ballot permutation is a permutation {pi} such that in any prefix of {pi} the descent number is not more than the ascent number. In this article, we obtained a formula in close form for the multivariate generating function of {A(n,d,j)}, which denot
The Springer numbers are defined in connection with the irreducible root systems of type $B_n$, which also arise as the generalized Euler and class numbers introduced by Shanks. Combinatorial interpretations of the Springer numbers have been found by
We derive an equation that is analogous to a well-known symmetric function identity: $sum_{i=0}^n(-1)^ie_ih_{n-i}=0$. Here the elementary symmetric function $e_i$ is the Frobenius characteristic of the representation of $mathcal{S}_i$ on the top homo
We give combinatorial proofs of $q$-Stirling identities using restricted growth words. This includes a poset theoretic proof of Carlitzs identity, a new proof of the $q$-Frobenius identity of Garsia and Remmel and of Ehrenborgs Hankel $q$-Stirling de
The emph{$q,t$-Catalan numbers} $C_n(q,t)$ are polynomials in $q$ and $t$ that reduce to the ordinary Catalan numbers when $q=t=1$. These polynomials have important connections to representation theory, algebraic geometry, and symmetric functions. Ha