ترغب بنشر مسار تعليمي؟ اضغط هنا

Weighing the Local Group in the Presence of Dark Energy

99   0   0.0 ( 0 )
 نشر من قبل Ofer Lahav
 تاريخ النشر 2013
  مجال البحث فيزياء
والبحث باللغة English
 تأليف Candace Partridge




اسأل ChatGPT حول البحث

We revise the mass estimate of the Local Group (LG) when Dark Energy (in the form of the Cosmological Constant) is incorporated into the Timing Argument (TA) mass estimator for the Local Group (LG). Assuming the age of the Universe and the Cosmological Constant according to the recent values from the Planck CMB experiment, we find the mass of the LG to be M_TAL = (4.73 +- 1.03) x 10^{12} M_sun, which is 13% higher than the classical TA mass estimate. This partly explains the discrepancy between earlier results from LCDM simulations and the classical TA. When a similar analysis is performed on 16 LG-like galaxy pairs from the CLUES simulations, we find that the scatter in the ratio of the virial to the TA estimated mass is given by M_vir/M_TAL = 1.04 +-0.16. Applying it to the LG mass estimation we find a calibrated M_vir = (4.92 +- 1.08 (obs) +- 0.79 (sys)) x 10^{12} M_sun.



قيم البحث

اقرأ أيضاً

Dark energy must be taken into account to estimate more reliably the amount of dark matter and how it is distributed in the local universe. For systems several Mpc across like the Local Group, we introduce three self-consistent independent mass estim ators. These account for the antigravity effect of dark energy treated as Einsteins cosmological constant Lambda. The first is a modified Kahn-Woltjer model which gives a value of the Local Group mass via the particular motions of the two largest members, the Milky Way and M31. Inclusion of dark energy in this model increases the minimum mass estimate by a factor of three compared to the classical estimate. The increase is less but still significant for different ways of using the timing argument. The second estimator is a modified virial theorem which also demonstrates how dark energy can hide from detection a part of the gravitating mass of the system. The third is a new zero-gravity method which gives an upper limit to the group mass which we calculate with high precision HST observations. In combination, the estimators lead to a robust and rather narrow range for a groups mass, M. For the Local Group, 3.2 < M < 3.7 x 10^{12} M_sun. Our result agrees well with the Millennium Simulation based on the LambdaCDM cosmology.
If dark matter (DM) is composed by particles which are non-gravitationally coupled to ordinary matter, their annihilations or decays in cosmic structures can result in detectable radiation. We show that the most powerful technique to detect a particl e DM signal outside the Local Group is to study the angular cross-correlation of non-gravitational signals with low-redshift gravitational probes. This method allows to enhance signal-to-noise from the regions of the Universe where the DM-induced emission is preferentially generated. We demonstrate the power of this approach by focusing on GeV-TeV DM and on the recent cross-correlation analysis between the 2MASS galaxy catalogue and the Fermi-LAT gamma-ray maps. We show that this technique is more sensitive than other extragalactic gamma-ray probes, such as the energy spectrum and angular autocorrelation of the extragalactic background, and emission from clusters of galaxies. Intriguingly, we find that the measured cross-correlation can be well fitted by a DM component, with thermal annihilation cross section and mass between 10 and 100 GeV, depending on the small-scale DM properties and gamma-ray production mechanism. This solicits further data collection and dedicated analyses.
We discuss present and future cosmological constraints on variations of the fine structure constant $alpha$ induced by an early dark energy component having the simplest allowed (linear) coupling to electromagnetism. We find that current cosmological data show no variation of the fine structure constant at recombination respect to the present-day value, with $alpha$ / $alpha_0$ = 0.975 pm 0.020 at 95 % c.l., constraining the energy density in early dark energy to $Omega_e$ < 0.060 at 95 % c.l.. Moreover, we consider constraints on the parameter quantifying the strength of the coupling by the scalar field. We find that current cosmological constraints on the coupling are about 20 times weaker than those obtainable locally (which come from Equivalence Principle tests). However forthcoming or future missions, such as Planck Surveyor and CMBPol, can match and possibly even surpass the sensitivity of current local tests.
We show that the canonical oscillation-based (non-resonant) production of sterile neutrino dark matter is inconsistent at $>99$% confidence with observations of galaxies in the Local Group. We set lower limits on the non-resonant sterile neutrino mas s of $2.5$ keV (equivalent to $0.7$ keV thermal mass) using phase-space densities derived for dwarf satellite galaxies of the Milky Way, as well as limits of $8.8$ keV (equivalent to $1.8$ keV thermal mass) based on subhalo counts of $N$-body simulations of M 31 analogues. Combined with improved upper mass limits derived from significantly deeper X-ray data of M 31 with full consideration for background variations, we show that there remains little room for non-resonant production if sterile neutrinos are to explain $100$% of the dark matter abundance. Resonant and non-oscillation sterile neutrino production remain viable mechanisms for generating sufficient dark matter sterile neutrinos.
We make detailed theoretical predictions for the assembly properties of the Local Group (LG) in the standard LambdaCDM cosmological model. We use three cosmological N-body dark matter simulations from the CLUES project, which are designed to reproduc e the main dynamical features of the matter distribution down to the scale of a few Mpc around the LG. Additionally, we use the results of an unconstrained simulation with a sixty times larger volume to calibrate the influence of cosmic variance. We characterize the Mass Aggregation History (MAH) for each halo by three characteristic times, the formation, assembly and last major merger times. A major merger is defined by a minimal mass ratio of 10:1. We find that the three LGs share a similar MAH with formation and last major merger epochs placed on average approx 10 - 12 Gyr ago. Between 12% and 17% of the halos in the mass range 5 x 10^11 Msol/h < M_h < 5 x 10^12 Msol/h have a similar MAH. In a set of pairs of halos within the same mass range, a fraction of 1% to 3% share similar formation properties as both halos in the simulated LG. An unsolved question posed by our results is the dynamical origin of the MAH of the LGs. The isolation criteria commonly used to define LG-like halos in unconstrained simulations do not narrow down the halo population into a set with quiet MAHs, nor does a further constraint to reside in a low density environment. The quiet MAH of the LGs provides a favorable environment for the formation of disk galaxies like the Milky Way and M31. The timing for the beginning of the last major merger in the Milky Way dark matter halo matches with the gas rich merger origin for the thick component in the galactic disk. Our results support the view that the specific large and mid scale environment around the Local Group play a critical role in shaping its MAH and hence its baryonic structure at present.
التعليقات
جاري جلب التعليقات جاري جلب التعليقات
سجل دخول لتتمكن من متابعة معايير البحث التي قمت باختيارها
mircosoft-partner

هل ترغب بارسال اشعارات عن اخر التحديثات في شمرا-اكاديميا