Counting fine gradings on matrix algebras and on classical simple Lie algebras


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Known classification results allow us to find the number of (equivalence classes of) fine gradings on matrix algebras and on classical simple Lie algebras over an algebraically closed field $mathbb{F}$ (assuming $mathrm{char} mathbb{F} e 2$ in the Lie case). The computation is easy for matrix algebras and especially for simple Lie algebras of type $B_r$ (the answer is just $r+1$), but involves counting orbits of certain finite groups in the case of Series $A$, $C$ and $D$. For $Xin{A,C,D}$, we determine the exact number of fine gradings, $N_X(r)$, on the simple Lie algebras of type $X_r$ with $rle 100$ as well as the asymptotic behaviour of the average, $hat N_X(r)$, for large $r$. In particular, we prove that there exist positive constants $b$ and $c$ such that $exp(br^{2/3})lehat N_X(r)leexp(cr^{2/3})$. The analogous average for matrix algebras $M_n(mathbb{F})$ is proved to be $aln n+O(1)$ where $a$ is an explicit constant depending on $mathrm{char} mathbb{F}$.

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