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تسجيل مستخدم جديدStudies and application of bent crystals for beam steering at 70-GeV IHEP accelerator
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This report overviews studies accomplished in the U70 proton synchrotron of IHEP-Protvino during the recent two decades. Major attention is paid to a routine application of bent crystals for beam extraction from the machine. It has been confirmed experimentally that efficiency of beam extraction with a crystal deflector of around 85% is well feasible for a proton beam with intensity up to 1012 protons per cycle. Another trend is to use bent crystals for halo collimation in a high energy collider. New promising options emerge for, say, LHC and ILC based on the volume reflection effect, which has been discovered recently in machine study runs at U70 of IHEP (50 GeV) and SPS of CERN (400 GeV).
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This paper presents the physical background for particle extraction from IHEP accelerator using short bent silicon crystals, analyses the results of the studies, considers in detail the regime of simultaneous work of crystal extraction and several in
ternal targets. It is experimentally shown that the use of short crystals allows the extraction of beams with intensity of 10e12 proton/cycle with efficiency of 85%.
The article presents an overview of the results obtained at U-70 accelerator of IHEP to use bent crystals for beam control of high energy protons. Considerable attention is paid to practical application of crystals to create new modes of beam extract
ion from the accelerator to ensure experiments on high energy physics. It was shown that with the crystal deflectors the efficiency reached ~ 90% with intensity up to 10^12 protons per cycle of U-70. The results of experiments on the use of crystals to enhance the effectiveness of the absorption of the unused beam, as well as the use of crystals for collimation of beam halo are presented. Perspectives to use of bent crystals to extract low energy light ions from U-70 are also discussed.
The design and parameters of the polarized-beam facility at U-70 proton synchrotron of NRC Kurchatov Institute - IHEP are presented. The new beamline 24A will provide the polarized proton and antiproton beams for carrying out the rich physics program
of the SPASCHARM experiment for comprehensive studies of spin phenomena in a wide spectrum of hadronic reactions in the energy range of 10-45 GeV.
New crystal technique - array of bent strips and a fan-type reflector, based on thin straight plates - have been used for research of extraction and collimation a circulating beam in the U-70 accelerator at the energy 50 GeV and 1.3 GeV. It is shown,
that new devices can effectively steer a beam in a wide energy range. For protons with energy 50 GeV efficiency of extraction and collimation about 90 % has been achieved which is record for this method. Reduction of particle losses in 2-3 times was observed also in accelerator at application of different crystals in comparison with the usual one-stage collimation scheme of beam with a steel absorber.
Crystals with small thickness along the beam exhibit top performance for steering particle beams through planar channeling. For such crystals, the effect of nuclear dechanneling plays an important role because it affects their efficiency. We addresse
d the problem through experimental work carried out with 400 GeV/c protons at fixed-target facilities of CERN-SPS. The dependence of efficiency vs. curvature radius has been investigated and compared favourably to the results of modeling. A realistic estimate of the performance of a crystal designed for LHC energy including nuclear dechanneling has been achieved.
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