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We describe the consequences of time reversal invariance of the Stokes equations for the hydrodynamic scattering of two low Reynolds number swimmers. For swimmers that are related to each other by a time reversal transformation this leads to the striking result that the angle between the two swimmers is preserved by the scattering. The result is illustrated for the particular case of a linked-sphere model swimmer. For more general pairs of swimmers, not related to each other by time reversal, we find hydrodynamic scattering can alter the angle between their trajectories by several tens of degrees. For two identical contractile swimmers this can lead to the formation of a bound state.
In their search for metabolic resources microbes swim through viscous environments that present physical anisotropies, including steric obstacles across a wide range of sizes. Hydrodynamic forces are known to significantly alter swimmer trajectories
In the limit of zero Reynolds number (Re), swimmers propel themselves exploiting a series of non-reciprocal body motions. For an artificial swimmer, a proper selection of the power source is required to drive its motion, in cooperation with its geome
Swimming and pumping at low Reynolds numbers are subject to the Scallop theorem, which states that there will be no net fluid flow for time reversible motions. Living organisms such as bacteria and cells are subject to this constraint, and so are exi
We investigate the hydrodynamic interactions between microorganisms swimming at low Reynolds number. By considering simple model swimmers, and combining analytic and numerical approaches, we investigate the time-averaged flow field around a swimmer.
We introduce a generic model of weakly non-linear self-sustained oscillator as a simplified tool to study synchronisation in a fluid at low Reynolds number. By averaging over the fast degrees of freedom, we examine the effect of hydrodynamic interact