When either electron or hole doped at concentrations $xsim 0.1$, the LaOFeAs family displays remarkably high temperature superconductivity with T$_c$ up to 55 K. In the most energetically stable $vec Q_M = (pi,pi)$ antiferromagnetic (AFM) phase comprised of tetragonal-symmetry breaking alternating chains of aligned spins, there is a deep pseudogap in the Fe 3d states centered at the Fermi energy, and very strong magnetophonon coupling is uncovered. Doping (of either sign) beyond $x sim 0.1$ results in Fe 3d heavy mass carriers ($m^*sim 4-8$) with a large Fermi surface. Calculated Fe-Fe transverse exchange couplings $J_{ij}(R)$ reveal that exchange coupling is strongly dependent on the AFM symmetry and Fe-As distance.
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